Friday, July 6, 2012
Faye Abdellah's 21 Typology of Nursing Problems
Faye Glenn Abdellah was one
of the most influential nursing theorist and public health scientist in nursing
profession. She was born in March 13, 1919 in New York city, and she earned her
nursing Bachelor of Science Degree in 1945, Master of Arts degree in 1947 and
Doctor of Education in Teacher’s college Colombia University in 1947 and a
Master of Arts Degree in Physiology (Nursingtheories.blogspot.com/2009).
Abdellah stated I never wanted to be a medical Doctor because I could do all I
wanted to do in Nursing, which is a caring profession. I believe this drove her
into nursing research and led to her development of the Abdellah’s typology of
21 nursing problems. Abdellah described nursing as a service to individual, to
families and therefore to the society. She acknowledged the influence of
Henderson and expanded Henderson’s 14 needs into her own 21 problems that she
believed would serve as a knowledge base for nursing.
In her nursing practice, she
strongly believed and supported the idea that nursing research would be the key
factor in helping nursing to advance and grow into a true respectable
profession. It was through her research that what is now known and seen as
nursing diagnosis was developed.
Abdellah stated that people
have physical, emotional and sociological needs and that these needs are overt
needs which consist largely of physical needs which are covert in nature such
as emotional, social and interpersonal needs – which are often perceived
incorrectly. Abdellah averred that – the patient is the justification for the
existence of nursing. The individuals (families) are the recipients of nursing
care and health or achieving it, is the purpose of nursing.
Abdellah defined man,
health, environment/society and nursing. And of nursing she stated that
“Nursing is a service to individuals, families and therefore to society. The
goal of nursing according to her is the physical, emotional, intellectual,
social and spiritual functioning of the client which pertains to holistic care.
Abdellah stated that nursing
is based on an art and science that moulds the attitude, intellectual
competences and technical skills of the individual nurse into the desire and
ability to help people, sick or well, to cope with their health needs (George
J. 2002). She went on to list 10 nursing
services that the nurse must do. Abdellah averred that nursing care for
the patient is doing something for the person/client/patient with goals of
meeting needs or restoring self help ability or alleviating impairment. Her
theories also specifically averred that the
nurse needs knowledge on basic science and specific nursing skills, as
well as knowledge skills in the communication psychology, sociology, growth and development and inter-personal relationships. She averred
that for the nurse to be able to carry out the above 10 nurses services, the
nurse must possess some 11 nursing skills.
Abdellah grouped nursing
into 21 broad problem areas to guide care and promote use of nursing
judgment and they include biological,
psychological and social areas of individuals and families.
Abdellah classified nursing
problems based on her idea that nursing is just for meeting the
individuals/clients health needs. Her greatest effort was to differentiate
nursing from medicine and disease orientation.
Abdellah’s theory - human need theory – which she developed for
her practice was actually used in the promotion of the nurses image who she saw
and said was kind, caring, intelligent, competent, provides service to the
patient and well prepared technologically.
- Grace Orunmuyiwa
The G Bloggers
GROUP G, N207, Master of Arts in Nursing
University of the Philippines Open University
Acting as one. Believing in each other. Committing to excellence. Doing whatever it takes. Embracing a common vision. Fostering group intelligence. Giving the benefit of the doubt. Harnessing the power of many. Inspiring cooperation, not competition. Juggling skills and talents. Kindling collaborative genius. Looking out for each other. More 'we' and less 'me' thinking.Not minding who gets the credit. Overcoming obstacles together. Putting principles before personalities. Quickly resolving differences. Recognizing each other's strengths. Sharing the workload. Treating each other with respect. Utilizing everyone's skills. Valuing everybody's input. Working side by side. Xpecting exponential results. Yearning to succeed together. Zestfully wanting to make a difference.
Mamaril, Ella Rose. Mamutuk, Azimah. Mata, Ramon Paulo
Matabilas, Raymart. Melencio, John Alex. Molina, Vincent. Moscoso, Jan-Michael
Orunmuyiwa, Grace. Pacatan, Dominique. Paclibar, Karen. Palengleng, Maria Corazon
Pamintuan, Jake. Panaguiton, Ann Willch. Pangilinan, Lee Elvin. Parrenas, Mellisa
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